Corrections Paper Essay

The criminal justice agreement is responsible for(p) for enforcing the laws created at each level of g everyplacenment. A major touch off of enforcing the laws is detaining the people who break them. The way that an wrongdoer is punished for a crime rotter be diametric depending on age or the type of crime draw inted. Depending on the age of the offender they could go through the juvenile or adult department of corrections transcription. for each one system has levels like war cry and probation built in to cooperate reconstruct the offender. An new(prenominal) form of corrections that is workd is confederation corrections. This form allows citizens to help with the corrections process slice giving offenders a second chance. everyplace quantify each level of corrections has evolved by evaluating the trends and examining different demands on the corrections system. Consistently evolving allows the corrections system to punish and rehabilitate offenders while keepin g society safe. Past, present, and future trends pertaining to the development and operation of institutional and participation based corrections When it comes to union corrections programs that oversee outside of remand or prison house, and be administered by agencies or judicial systems with the legal authority to employ sanctions. union corrections include probation, which is punitive supervision within the lodge rather than dawdle or prison, and password which is a period of conditional, superintend difference from prison. In the early colonial criminal law at that place was a curious mix of religion, English barbarity, and pragmatism. Most punishments were public and voluminous either quick, corporal tortures or more prolonged humiliation. Among the punishments designed to deter crime by inflicting pain, the colonials a lot used the whipping post, branding and maiming, gags, and turn of events cognise as the ducking stool. The latter device was essentially a c hair connected to a pulley system where slanderers, makebayts, chyderers, brawlers, and women of light rigging were restrained and they repeatedly plunged into aconvenient body of water (jthomasniu.org/PDF/prisonhistory111.pdf)Probation and watchword atomic number 18 integral to criminal and juvenile justice in the states. Provides a wide variety of services that argon critical to the effective and streamlined operation of almost every verbalism of the justice system, ranging from law enforcement to sentencing to the clit of offenders from confinement into the association. These community corrections agencies conduct investigations to view as judicial and quit decision making operate residential and secure custodial facilities and parole free labor to local anaesthetic brass sections through community service programs, probation and parole atomic number 18 best known for their role in the supervision of offenders in the community. Probation and parole agencies ar part of a large, complex and interdependent soldiery of governmental, nonprofit, and private agencies and organizations that comprise the criminal and juvenile justice systems. No aspect of the work of probation and parole raise be considered in isolation, as they atomic number 18 affected by and realise an impact on umpteen opposite agencies. With that being said there argon strategic trends they will and can use in the future. Collaboration and partnership for example the drug court and other specially treatment courts. Results Driven Management implys a existent investment of agency time and resources.The agency mission, goals and measures must be joint and agreed upon. The Re- Emergence of Rehabilitation both was founded on the principle that offenders could interchange and that the correctional system, and probation and parole officers in particular, had a central role in helping the officer change. With technology when it comes to sex offenders the locoware is avail eq ual to(p) that can monitor the offenders computer use and report to the probation or parole officer what Internet sites the offender have visited. Correctional organization and administration affaires that reflect fiscal demands The organization and administration functions of detains, prisons, probation, parole, juvenile and community corrections that reflect the operational and fiscal demands are in the many a(prenominal) programs, services, and staffs that make these forms of correction run on a daily theme (Burrell, 2003). With jails and prisons facing an increasing overpopulation problem, with less staff, and budget cuts more and more probation, parole, and community corrections are becoming a solution (manhattan-institute.org, 2000).Parole andprobation function through their operation programs such as their case classification system (Burrell, 2003). This system allows the parole board to classify which cases should be considered for early release and which ones should not . Once a case is determined to be eligible for parole, consequently probation uses the case classification system to decide if the case is high encounter or low risk (manhattan-institute.org, 2000). Community corrections becomes a part of the parole and probation services once the confidence trick is released into the community by operate residential and secure custodial facilities and provide free labor to local organizations through community service programs, probation and parole are best known for their role in the supervision of offenders in the community (Burrell, 2003, p. 1). The administration in jails, prisons, parole, probation, and community corrections have many different issues to deal with daily. corrections face overcrowding, downsizing of staff, budget cuts, and training issues. To combat these difficult issues administrators use the many departments within the system. It starts with the central office that overseas all of corrections within the state (Peak, 201 0).The central office is run by a secretary under the secretary is the prison director. The prison director is responsible for setting policy for all wardens to follow in terms of how the institutions should be managed and convicts treated as well as overseeing public or media personal business coordinators, legislative liaisons, legal advisers, and internal affairs representatives (Peak, 2010, p. 246). The public or media affairs coordinators are responsible for getting information to the public. Legislative liaisons are responsible for helping to bring new laws and needs for new laws to the attention of the state. legitimate advisers make sure that no laws have been broken and take lot of any impending lawsuits. Internal affairs representatives ensure that ethical style is maintained within the correctional system (Peak, 2010). Every jail, prison, parole, probation, and community corrections are under the watch of the central office of the state which is how these departments of corrections operate and function. Security and Technology functions with correctional environmentsSecurity is very chief(prenominal) with the correctional department. It prevents inmates from escaping jails or prisons, and it alike preventscontraband from entering the facility. When contraband enters the facility, a crime can be committed against other inmates. A Baltimore inmate allegedly acquired a cell phone, ordered an arrangement on other inmate, and would pay the murderer $2500 (Bulman, 2009). To prevent such incidents from happening, jails and prisons are bringing new security measures into the establishments. One such technology is employ body scanners, much found in the United States airports. These scanners can scan through garments and detect any contraband trying to be smuggled into the jail or prison. The system was tested and evaluated at Graterford, a maximum-security facility that houses virtually 3,100 inmates outside Philadelphia (Bulman, 2009, para 2) an d officials working within the prison deliberated the trial using the body scanners were successful in finding contraband. prison houses and jails as well as use take hold devices called WANDD. This hand-held device scans inmates, or visitors, and detects non-metallic items, such as plastic or wood items.A prototype was tested in the Virginia Peninsula Regional Jail, and it was adequate to(p) to detect objects such as plastic knives, cell phones, guns, and even denotation cards through various types of fabric (Bulman, 2009). Correctional staff is also using approximately of the latest technology avail able to course of study inmates movements within a prison or jail called communicate frequency identification technology. A little chip is attached to slightly objects, most often a wristband, and correctional staff can track the movements of each inmates. It also freshs prison staff when a large kernel of inmates are gathered within any area within the jail or prison. Movem ent information can be stored in computers and could certify useful in investigations to determine who was present in a trustworthy part of a building at a particular time (Bulman, 2009, para. 18). Management and control Managing a jail or a prison is not an easy task.Anyone working within these environments must be able to manage a large number of inmates while controlling them at any given time. Correctional guards are the ones who will be in direct contact with inmates. If they become too friendly with inmates or are not paying attention, a situation can occur suddenly. Staying alert and maintaining control is imperative because inmates can read correctional guards easily. Inmates can carry the habits of their guards if the guards maintain the same routine daily. Ethical rights are one of the mainstay factors tomanaging a prison or a jail. Even though these inmates have committed a crime, they still human rights. Understanding that aspect of managing a prison may be hard for some people in charge. All individuals visiting, working, or the inmates themselves should be respected to a degree. Having this type of flak to prison or jail management is does not represent a liberal outlook on the system or a soft regard. Many people whom have worked in different prisons throughout the world, believe this approach works in prison and jail management because they view the inmates as humans (Coyle, 2009). readingal and Treatment ProgramsMost individuals incarcerated in Jails, prisons, and community correction centers have little or no bringing up. These individuals often commit crimes to support themselves or their families. These individuals are arrested and destines to incarceration for their crimes. After release, they continue wanting the education and skills to find legal participation and return to lives of crime to support themselves and family. This is a vicious cycle that has led to extreme overpopulation in correctional facilities. Juveniles commi t crimes for several different reasons. Some juveniles commit crimes to support their families, some because of peer pressure, and some just to relieve boredom. Whether these adults and juveniles commit crimes because of lack of education and opportunity or from juvenile ignorance and boredom the solution remains the same, education.Studies conducted over the last two decades almost unanimously indicate that higher education in prison programs reduces recidivism and translates into drop-offs in crime, savings, and long-term contributions to the safety and well-being of the communities to which at a time incarcerated people return. (Why Prison knowledge? n.d.) (para. 1). The Institute for Higher Education Policy conducted a study in 2011. This study showed that seven in ten people incarcerated will commit further crime upon release and half of these individuals will be incarcerated again within three long time (Why Prison Education? n.d.). The results of many studies show the solu tion to be a seemingly simple one, education equals increased employment, and increased employment equals reduced recidivism. Each facility, prison, jail, community corrections, and juvenile detention pop the questions a different type of education to inmates. Prisons typically house individuals for longerperiods of time than other correctional facilities.Because of the lengthy stay prisons are able to offer inmates many more services. In most prisons classes are offered to teach inmates basic skills of language, reading, and math. These skills are developed upon to help the individual obtain a General Education Diploma (GED). Some prisons, such as those in California, offer inducing programs to inmates seeking education. These individuals can earn up to six weeks per year decrease in their sentence for completing educational classes. They also offer sentence reduction for learning vocational skills, such as firefighting and increase the reduction time earned if the skills are us ed within the facility (Cdcr Implements reality Safety Reforms to Parole Supervision, Expanded Incentive Credits For Inmates, 2010). Some prisons are attempting to begin pilot programs involving distance learning. They can help the inmates to obtain pecuniary lookance to complete online college courses and earn degrees before release. Jails and community corrections typically do not house inmates for extended periods of time.Jails are often solitary(prenominal) able to help inmates to begin the learning process or assist in learning the basic skills of language, reading, math, and GED preparation. Many jails can help inmates in beginning the programs and guiding them toward other facilities and organizations who can further assist them upon release. Community corrections often have more flexibility and can offer a more varied selection of learning opportunities to individuals. Because fewer restrictions are involved they can sometimes offer vocational training or strict and struc tured on-the- theorize training. Probation and parole individuals usually have progress their education as part of their probation or parole contract. Most are required to attend GED classes and strongly urged to obtain a GED. Many states require probation officers to receive training concerning how to best assist their clients in furthering their education, course training, and job placement. Probation officers will often assist clients in locating employment that often involves on-the-job training. Aside from education, almost all facilities offer drug or substance abuse programs.Many also offer counseling for raise management and other counseling issues or direct individuals to organizations who are able to assist with these issues. While adults in the criminal justice system are often punished as well as rehabilitated, the justice systemtypically places focus on rehabilitation where juveniles are concerned. Juveniles commit crimes for a variety of reasons and most studies sho w education to be the solution to recidivism prevention. Juveniles are required to continue their education while in detention. Juveniles are also typically provided with addiction counseling, social skills training, and mental health counseling. The older juveniles are encouraged and often assisted with obtaining higher education. They are also provided with job training and job search skills.ReferencesBulman, P. (2009). Using Technology to Make Prison and Jails Safer. Retrieved from http//www.nij.gov/journals/262/Pages/corrections-technology.aspx CDCR Implements Public Safety Reforms to Parole Supervision, Expanded Incentive Credits for Inmates. (2010). Retrieved from http//www.cdcr.ca.gov/ intelligence agency/Press_Release_Archive/2010_Press_Releases/Jan_21.html Correctional Education. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ovae/pi/AdultEd/correctional-education.html Coyle, A. (2009). A Human Rights approach shot to Prison Management. Retrieved from http//ww w.prisonstudies.org/sites/prisonstudies.org/files/resources/downloads/ handbook_2nd_ed_eng_8.pdfU.S. Department of Education Office of Educational Research and Improvement. (1994). Literacy rotter Prison Walls. Retrieved from http//nces.ed.gov/pubs94/94102.pdf Why Prison Education?. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//prisonstudiesproject.org/why-prison-education-programs/